Which is more difficult to stop: A tractor-trailer truck barreling down the
highway at 35 meters per second, or a small two-seater sports car traveling the same speed?
You probably guessed that it takes more force to stop a large truck than a small car. In physics terms, we say that the truck has greater momentum.
We can find momentum using this equation:
momentum = mass of object × velocity of object
Velocity is a term that refers to both speed and direction. For our purposes we will assume that the vehicles are traveling in a straight line. In that case, velocity and speed are the same.
The equation for momentum is abbreviated like this: .p = m × v
Momentum, symbolized with a p, is expressed in units of kg·m/sec; m is the mass of the object, in kilograms; and v is the velocity of the object in m/sec.
Use your knowledge about solving equations to work out the following problems:
1. If the truck has a mass of 2,000 kilograms, what is its momentum? Express your answer in kg·m/sec.
2. If the car has a mass of 1,000 kilograms, what is its momentum?
3. An 8-kilogram bowling ball is rolling in a straight line toward you. If its momentum is 16 kg·m/sec, how fast is it traveling?
4. A beach ball is rolling in a straight line toward you at a speed of 0.5 m/sec. Its momentum is 0.25 kg·m/sec.What is the mass of the beach ball?
5. A 4,000-kilogram truck travels in a straight line at 10.0 m/sec. What is its momentum?
highway at 35 meters per second, or a small two-seater sports car traveling the same speed?
You probably guessed that it takes more force to stop a large truck than a small car. In physics terms, we say that the truck has greater momentum.
We can find momentum using this equation:
momentum = mass of object × velocity of object
Velocity is a term that refers to both speed and direction. For our purposes we will assume that the vehicles are traveling in a straight line. In that case, velocity and speed are the same.
The equation for momentum is abbreviated like this: .p = m × v
Momentum, symbolized with a p, is expressed in units of kg·m/sec; m is the mass of the object, in kilograms; and v is the velocity of the object in m/sec.
Use your knowledge about solving equations to work out the following problems:
1. If the truck has a mass of 2,000 kilograms, what is its momentum? Express your answer in kg·m/sec.
2. If the car has a mass of 1,000 kilograms, what is its momentum?
3. An 8-kilogram bowling ball is rolling in a straight line toward you. If its momentum is 16 kg·m/sec, how fast is it traveling?
4. A beach ball is rolling in a straight line toward you at a speed of 0.5 m/sec. Its momentum is 0.25 kg·m/sec.What is the mass of the beach ball?
5. A 4,000-kilogram truck travels in a straight line at 10.0 m/sec. What is its momentum?
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